Social Networks, Promotions, and the Glass-Ceiling Effect
Neugart M, Zaharieva A (2018) Center for Mathematical Economics Working Papers; 601.
Bielefeld: Center for Mathematical Economics.
Diskussionspapier
| Veröffentlicht | Englisch
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Autor*in
Neugart, Michael;
Zaharieva, AnnaUniBi
Abstract / Bemerkung
Empirical studies show that female workers are under-represented in highest hierarchical
positions of companies, which is known as the glass-ceiling effect. In this study we investigate
the relationship between social networks and the glass-ceiling effect. Specifically, we develop
an equilibrium search and matching model where job ladders consist of three hierarchical
levels and social networks are generated endogenously. Male and female workers move up
in the hierarchical ladder via job-to-job transitions between firms and internal promotions
within firms. They also accumulate experience which is a necessary requirement for applying
to jobs in the highest hierarchical level. Open vacancies can be filled by formal matching
of applicants to jobs or by referrals, which implies that senior workers recommend their
social contacts for the job. Social networks exhibit gender homophily, which reflects the fact that social ties are more likely to be formed between workers of the same gender. In
a setting when female workers are the minority, there are too few female contacts in the
social networks of their male colleagues. This disadvantage implies that female workers
are refereed less often for the jobs and under-represented in senior hierarchical positions of
firms. We show that referrals via homophilous social networks can explain part of the total
wage gap stemming from the glass-ceiling effect in Germany (6:4%). This mechanism is
amplified by more hierarchical firm structures, stronger clustering of social networks, and
earlier promotion times.
Stichworte
glass-ceiling effect;
networks;
discrimination;
theory of the firm;
promotions;
search-and-matching labor market
Erscheinungsjahr
2018
Serientitel
Center for Mathematical Economics Working Papers
Band
601
ISSN
0931-6558
Page URI
https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/record/2930863
Zitieren
Neugart M, Zaharieva A. Social Networks, Promotions, and the Glass-Ceiling Effect. Center for Mathematical Economics Working Papers. Vol 601. Bielefeld: Center for Mathematical Economics; 2018.
Neugart, M., & Zaharieva, A. (2018). Social Networks, Promotions, and the Glass-Ceiling Effect (Center for Mathematical Economics Working Papers, 601). Bielefeld: Center for Mathematical Economics.
Neugart, Michael, and Zaharieva, Anna. 2018. Social Networks, Promotions, and the Glass-Ceiling Effect. Vol. 601. Center for Mathematical Economics Working Papers. Bielefeld: Center for Mathematical Economics.
Neugart, M., and Zaharieva, A. (2018). Social Networks, Promotions, and the Glass-Ceiling Effect. Center for Mathematical Economics Working Papers, 601, Bielefeld: Center for Mathematical Economics.
Neugart, M., & Zaharieva, A., 2018. Social Networks, Promotions, and the Glass-Ceiling Effect, Center for Mathematical Economics Working Papers, no.601, Bielefeld: Center for Mathematical Economics.
M. Neugart and A. Zaharieva, Social Networks, Promotions, and the Glass-Ceiling Effect, Center for Mathematical Economics Working Papers, vol. 601, Bielefeld: Center for Mathematical Economics, 2018.
Neugart, M., Zaharieva, A.: Social Networks, Promotions, and the Glass-Ceiling Effect. Center for Mathematical Economics Working Papers, 601. Center for Mathematical Economics, Bielefeld (2018).
Neugart, Michael, and Zaharieva, Anna. Social Networks, Promotions, and the Glass-Ceiling Effect. Bielefeld: Center for Mathematical Economics, 2018. Center for Mathematical Economics Working Papers. 601.
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