Co-contraction and passive forces facilitate load compensation of aimed limb movements

Zakotnik J, Matheson T, Dürr V (2006)
Journal of Neuroscience 26(19): 4995-5007.

Zeitschriftenaufsatz | Veröffentlicht | Englisch
 
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Autor*in
Zakotnik, Jure; Matheson, Tom; Dürr, VolkerUniBi
Abstract / Bemerkung
Vertebrates and arthropods are both capable of load compensation during aimed limb movements, such as reaching and grooming. We measured the kinematics and activity of individual motoneurons in loaded and unloaded leg movements in an insect. To evaluate the role of active and passive musculoskeletal properties in aiming and load compensation, we used a neuromechanical model of the femur-tibia joint that transformed measured extensor and flexor motoneuron spikes into joint kinematics. The model comprises three steps: first, an activation dynamics module that determines the time course of isometric force; second, a pair of antagonistic muscle models that determine the joint torque; and third, a forward dynamics simulation that calculates the movement of the limb. The muscles were modeled in five variants, differing in the presence or absence of force-length-velocity characteristics of the contractile element, a parallel passive elastic element, and passive joint damping. Each variant was optimized to yield the best simulation of measured behavior. Passive muscle force and viscous joint damping were sufficient and necessary to simulate the observed movements. Elastic or damping properties of the active contractile element could not replace passive elements. Passive elastic forces were similar in magnitude to active forces caused by muscle contraction, generating substantial joint stiffness. Antagonistic muscles co-contract, although there was no motoneuronal coactivation, because of slow dynamics of muscle activation. We quantified how co-contraction simplified load compensation by demonstrating that a small variation of the motoneuronal input caused a large change in joint torque.
Stichworte
motoneurons; Motoneuron; activity; muscles; joint torque; torque; Muscle; extensor; JOINT; model; insect; Leg movement; load; muscle activation; Isometric force; limb movements; Vertebrates; muscle model; joint damping; Grooming; Reaching; NO; Arthropod; Kinematics; leg; flexor; Femur-Tibia Joint; Simulation; input; cocontraction; movement; small; Stiffness; behavior; Muscle contraction; contraction; damping; ACTIVATION; dynamics; module; TIME; load compensation; COMPENSATION; limb; Vertebrate; MOVEMENTS
Erscheinungsjahr
2006
Zeitschriftentitel
Journal of Neuroscience
Band
26
Ausgabe
19
Seite(n)
4995-5007
ISSN
0270-6474
eISSN
1529-2401
Page URI
https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/record/1681437

Zitieren

Zakotnik J, Matheson T, Dürr V. Co-contraction and passive forces facilitate load compensation of aimed limb movements. Journal of Neuroscience. 2006;26(19):4995-5007.
Zakotnik, J., Matheson, T., & Dürr, V. (2006). Co-contraction and passive forces facilitate load compensation of aimed limb movements. Journal of Neuroscience, 26(19), 4995-5007. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0161-06.2006
Zakotnik, Jure, Matheson, Tom, and Dürr, Volker. 2006. “Co-contraction and passive forces facilitate load compensation of aimed limb movements”. Journal of Neuroscience 26 (19): 4995-5007.
Zakotnik, J., Matheson, T., and Dürr, V. (2006). Co-contraction and passive forces facilitate load compensation of aimed limb movements. Journal of Neuroscience 26, 4995-5007.
Zakotnik, J., Matheson, T., & Dürr, V., 2006. Co-contraction and passive forces facilitate load compensation of aimed limb movements. Journal of Neuroscience, 26(19), p 4995-5007.
J. Zakotnik, T. Matheson, and V. Dürr, “Co-contraction and passive forces facilitate load compensation of aimed limb movements”, Journal of Neuroscience, vol. 26, 2006, pp. 4995-5007.
Zakotnik, J., Matheson, T., Dürr, V.: Co-contraction and passive forces facilitate load compensation of aimed limb movements. Journal of Neuroscience. 26, 4995-5007 (2006).
Zakotnik, Jure, Matheson, Tom, and Dürr, Volker. “Co-contraction and passive forces facilitate load compensation of aimed limb movements”. Journal of Neuroscience 26.19 (2006): 4995-5007.

15 Zitationen in Europe PMC

Daten bereitgestellt von Europe PubMed Central.

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