Improving crop yield

Eisenhut M, Weber APM (2019)
Science 363(6422): 32-33.

Zeitschriftenaufsatz | Veröffentlicht | Englisch
 
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Autor*in
Eisenhut, MarionUniBi ; Weber, Andreas P. M.
Abstract / Bemerkung
Synthetic photorespiration bypass increases crop yield

The enzyme ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (RuBisCO) is one of the most abundant proteins on Earth. During photosynthesis, it assimilates atmospheric CO2into biomass and hence is a major driver of the global carbon cycle. However, the enzyme is catalytically imperfect. It accepts not only CO2as a substrate, but also O2, which leads to the formation of a toxic byproduct, 2-phosphoglycolate (2-PGlycolate) (1). The metabolic pathway photorespiration detoxifies 2-PGlycolate, and it is essential for performing photosynthesis in an O2-containing atmosphere. Importantly, photorespiration causes a 20 to 50% yield penalty, depending on the environmental conditions and the type of photosynthesis employed (2). Multiple attempts have been undertaken to overcome this yield penalty and thereby increase biomass production in plants, with limited success to date. On page 45 of this issue, Southet al.(3) present a synthetic pathway that fully detoxifies 2-PGlycolate inside plant chloroplasts. Transgenic tobacco plants expressing this pathway show strongly enhanced biomass production in field trials, suggesting that this could be used to improve crop yields.
Erscheinungsjahr
2019
Zeitschriftentitel
Science
Band
363
Ausgabe
6422
Seite(n)
32-33
ISSN
0036-8075
eISSN
1095-9203
Page URI
https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/record/2968437

Zitieren

Eisenhut M, Weber APM. Improving crop yield. Science. 2019;363(6422):32-33.
Eisenhut, M., & Weber, A. P. M. (2019). Improving crop yield. Science, 363(6422), 32-33. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aav8979
Eisenhut, Marion, and Weber, Andreas P. M. 2019. “Improving crop yield”. Science 363 (6422): 32-33.
Eisenhut, M., and Weber, A. P. M. (2019). Improving crop yield. Science 363, 32-33.
Eisenhut, M., & Weber, A.P.M., 2019. Improving crop yield. Science, 363(6422), p 32-33.
M. Eisenhut and A.P.M. Weber, “Improving crop yield”, Science, vol. 363, 2019, pp. 32-33.
Eisenhut, M., Weber, A.P.M.: Improving crop yield. Science. 363, 32-33 (2019).
Eisenhut, Marion, and Weber, Andreas P. M. “Improving crop yield”. Science 363.6422 (2019): 32-33.
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