Lockdown Duration and Training Intensity Affect Sleep Behavior in an International Sample of 1,454 Elite Athletes

Romdhani M, Fullagar HHK, Vitale JA, Nédélec M, Rae DE, Ammar A, Chtourou H, Al Horani RA, Ben Saad H, Bragazzi NL, Dönmez G, et al. (2022)
Frontiers in Physiology 13: 904778.

Zeitschriftenaufsatz | Veröffentlicht | Englisch
 
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Romdhani, Mohamed; Fullagar, Hugh H. K.; Vitale, Jacopo A.; Nédélec, Mathieu; Rae, Dale E.; Ammar, Achraf; Chtourou, Hamdi; Al Horani, Ramzi A.; Ben Saad, Helmi; Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi; Dönmez, Gürhan; Dergaa, Ismail
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Abstract / Bemerkung
Objective:To investigate the effect of 1) lockdown duration and 2) training intensity on sleep quality and insomnia symptoms in elite athletes.Methods:1,454 elite athletes (24.1 ± 6.7 years; 42% female; 41% individual sports) from 40 countries answered a retrospective, cross-sectional, web-based questionnaire relating to their behavioral habits pre- and during- COVID-19 lockdown, including: 1) Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI); 2) Insomnia severity index (ISI); bespoke questions about 3) napping; and 4) training behaviors. The association between dependent (PSQI and ISI) and independent variables (sleep, napping and training behaviors) was determined with multiple regression and is reported as semi-partial correlation coefficient squared (in percentage).Results:15% of the sample spent < 1 month, 27% spent 1–2 months and 58% spent > 2 months in lockdown. 29% self-reported maintaining the same training intensity during-lockdown whilst 71% reduced training intensity. PSQI (4.1 ± 2.4 to 5.8 ± 3.1; mean difference (MD): 1.7; 95% confidence interval of the difference (95% CI): 1.6–1.9) and ISI (5.1 ± 4.7 to 7.7 ± 6.4; MD: 2.6; 95% CI: 2.3–2.9) scores were higher during-compared to pre-lockdown, associated (allp< 0.001) with longer sleep onset latency (PSQI: 28%; ISI: 23%), later bedtime (PSQI: 13%; ISI: 14%) and later preferred time of day to train (PSQI: 9%; ISI: 5%) during-lockdown. Those who reduced training intensity during-lockdown showed higher PSQI (p< 0.001; MD: 1.25; 95% CI: 0.87–1.63) and ISI (p< 0.001; MD: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.72–3.27) scores compared to those who maintained training intensity. Although PSQI score was not affected by the lockdown duration, ISI score was higher in athletes who spent > 2 months confined compared to those who spent < 1 month (p< 0.001; MD: 1.28; 95% CI: 0.26–2.3).Conclusion:Reducing training intensity during the COVID-19-induced lockdown was associated with lower sleep quality and higher insomnia severity in elite athletes. Lockdown duration had further disrupting effects on elite athletes’ sleep behavior. These findings could be of relevance in future lockdown or lockdown-like situations (e.g., prolonged illness, injury, and quarantine after international travel).
Erscheinungsjahr
2022
Zeitschriftentitel
Frontiers in Physiology
Band
13
Art.-Nr.
904778
eISSN
1664-042X
Page URI
https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/record/2964251

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Romdhani M, Fullagar HHK, Vitale JA, et al. Lockdown Duration and Training Intensity Affect Sleep Behavior in an International Sample of 1,454 Elite Athletes. Frontiers in Physiology. 2022;13: 904778.
Romdhani, M., Fullagar, H. H. K., Vitale, J. A., Nédélec, M., Rae, D. E., Ammar, A., Chtourou, H., et al. (2022). Lockdown Duration and Training Intensity Affect Sleep Behavior in an International Sample of 1,454 Elite Athletes. Frontiers in Physiology, 13, 904778. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.904778
Romdhani, Mohamed, Fullagar, Hugh H. K., Vitale, Jacopo A., Nédélec, Mathieu, Rae, Dale E., Ammar, Achraf, Chtourou, Hamdi, et al. 2022. “Lockdown Duration and Training Intensity Affect Sleep Behavior in an International Sample of 1,454 Elite Athletes”. Frontiers in Physiology 13: 904778.
Romdhani, M., Fullagar, H. H. K., Vitale, J. A., Nédélec, M., Rae, D. E., Ammar, A., Chtourou, H., Al Horani, R. A., Ben Saad, H., Bragazzi, N. L., et al. (2022). Lockdown Duration and Training Intensity Affect Sleep Behavior in an International Sample of 1,454 Elite Athletes. Frontiers in Physiology 13:904778.
Romdhani, M., et al., 2022. Lockdown Duration and Training Intensity Affect Sleep Behavior in an International Sample of 1,454 Elite Athletes. Frontiers in Physiology, 13: 904778.
M. Romdhani, et al., “Lockdown Duration and Training Intensity Affect Sleep Behavior in an International Sample of 1,454 Elite Athletes”, Frontiers in Physiology, vol. 13, 2022, : 904778.
Romdhani, M., Fullagar, H.H.K., Vitale, J.A., Nédélec, M., Rae, D.E., Ammar, A., Chtourou, H., Al Horani, R.A., Ben Saad, H., Bragazzi, N.L., Dönmez, G., Dergaa, I., Driss, T., Farooq, A., Hammouda, O., Harroum, N., Hassanmirzaei, B., Khalladi, K., Khemila, S., Mataruna-Dos-Santos, L.J., Moussa-Chamari, I., Mujika, I., Muñoz Helú, H., Norouzi Fashkhami, A., Paineiras-Domingos, L.L., Khaneghah, M.R., Saita, Y., Souissi, N., Trabelsi, K., Washif, J.A., Weber, J., Zmijewski, P., Taylor, L., Garbarino, S., Chamari, K.: Lockdown Duration and Training Intensity Affect Sleep Behavior in an International Sample of 1,454 Elite Athletes. Frontiers in Physiology. 13, : 904778 (2022).
Romdhani, Mohamed, Fullagar, Hugh H. K., Vitale, Jacopo A., Nédélec, Mathieu, Rae, Dale E., Ammar, Achraf, Chtourou, Hamdi, Al Horani, Ramzi A., Ben Saad, Helmi, Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi, Dönmez, Gürhan, Dergaa, Ismail, Driss, Tarak, Farooq, Abdulaziz, Hammouda, Omar, Harroum, Nesrine, Hassanmirzaei, Bahar, Khalladi, Karim, Khemila, Syrine, Mataruna-Dos-Santos, Leonardo Jose, Moussa-Chamari, Imen, Mujika, Iñigo, Muñoz Helú, Hussein, Norouzi Fashkhami, Amin, Paineiras-Domingos, Laisa Liane, Khaneghah, Mehrshad Rahbari, Saita, Yoshitomo, Souissi, Nizar, Trabelsi, Khaled, Washif, Jad Adrian, Weber, Johanna, Zmijewski, Piotr, Taylor, Lee, Garbarino, Sergio, and Chamari, Karim. “Lockdown Duration and Training Intensity Affect Sleep Behavior in an International Sample of 1,454 Elite Athletes”. Frontiers in Physiology 13 (2022): 904778.
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