PUB - Publikationen an der Universität Bielefeld

**Abstract**
The search for antileishmanial plants used in traditional medicine led to the choice of CH₂Cl₂–MeOH (1:1) crude extract of the fruits and stem bark ofPentadesma butyraceaSabine (Clusiaceae) which displayed good activityin vitroagainstLeishmania donovani1S (MHOM/SD/62/1S) promastigotes during preliminary screening with IC₅₀values 5.96 and 26.43 μg mL⁻¹, respectively. The fractionation of both extracts using flash chromatography yielded active fractions with IC₅₀values ranging from 2.71 to 18.88 μg mL⁻¹. Fourteen compounds (1–14) were isolated from the obtained fractions using successive column chromatographies and their structures were elucidated based on the analysis of their NMR and MS data. Daphnifolin (1), epicathechin (3), α-mangostin (9) and 9-hydroxycalabaxanthone (14) exhibited potent antileismanial activity againstL. donovani1S (MHOM/SD/62/1S) promastigotes with IC₅₀values of 2.01, 9.09, 3.37, and 6.87 μg mL⁻¹, respectively and good selectivity towards Raw 264.7 macrophage cells (SI > 2.4). Extracts, fractions and some isolates were also assessed in vitro for their antibacterial activity against six bacterial strains [Salmonella typhi(CPC),Enterobacter cloacae(CPC),Pseudomonas aeruginosaHM801,Staphylococcus aureusATCC 43300,Streptococcus pneumoniaeATCC 491619,Escherichia coliATCC 25322] using serial microdilution method. Among the tested samples, the stem bark extract ofP. butyraceaas well as compounds2and8showed good to moderate activity against the aforementioned bacterial strains with MIC ≤ 250 μg mL⁻¹.