Dispersion measure variability for 36 millisecond pulsars at 150 MHz with LOFAR

Donner J, Verbiest J, Tiburzi C, Osłowski S, Künsemöller J, Bak Nielsen A-S, Grießmeier J-M, Serylak M, Kramer M, Anderson JM, Wucknitz O, et al. (2020)
Astronomy & Astrophysics 644: A153.

Zeitschriftenaufsatz | E-Veröff. vor dem Druck | Englisch
 
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Donner, JulianUniBi; Verbiest, JorisUniBi ; Tiburzi, C.; Osłowski, S.; Künsemöller, JörnUniBi; Bak Nielsen, A.-S.; Grießmeier, Jean-Mathias; Serylak, M.; Kramer, M.; Anderson, J. M.; Wucknitz, O.; Keane, E.
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Abstract / Bemerkung
Context. Radio pulses from pulsars are affected by plasma dispersion, which results in a frequency-dependent propagation delay. Variations in the magnitude of this effect lead to an additional source of red noise in pulsar timing experiments, including pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) that aim to detect nanohertz gravitational waves.
Aims. We aim to quantify the time-variable dispersion with much improved precision and characterise the spectrum of these variations.
Methods. We use the pulsar timing technique to obtain highly precise dispersion measure (DM) time series. Our dataset consists of observations of 36 millisecond pulsars, which were observed for up to 7.1 yr with the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR) telescope at a centre frequency of ~150 MHz. Seventeen of these sources were observed with a weekly cadence, while the rest were observed at monthly cadence.
Results. We achieve a median DM precision of the order of 10−5 cm−3 pc for a significant fraction of our sources. We detect significant variations of the DM in all pulsars with a median DM uncertainty of less than 2 × 10−4 cm−3 pc. The noise contribution to pulsar timing experiments at higher frequencies is calculated to be at a level of 0.1–10 μs at 1.4 GHz over a timespan of a few years, which is in many cases larger than the typical timing precision of 1 μs or better that PTAs aim for. We found no evidence for a dependence of DM on radio frequency for any of the sources in our sample.
Conclusions. The DM time series we obtained using LOFAR could in principle be used to correct higher-frequency data for the variations of the dispersive delay. However, there is currently the practical restriction that pulsars tend to provide either highly precise times of arrival (ToAs) at 1.4 GHz or a high DM precision at low frequencies, but not both, due to spectral properties. Combining the higher-frequency ToAs with those from LOFAR to measure the infinite-frequency ToA and DM would improve the result.
Stichworte
Space and Planetary Science; Astronomy and Astrophysics; gravitational waves; pulsars: general; ISM: structure
Erscheinungsjahr
2020
Zeitschriftentitel
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Band
644
Art.-Nr.
A153
ISSN
0004-6361, 1432-0746
Page URI
https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/record/2949488

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Donner J, Verbiest J, Tiburzi C, et al. Dispersion measure variability for 36 millisecond pulsars at 150 MHz with LOFAR. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 2020;644: A153.
Donner, J., Verbiest, J., Tiburzi, C., Osłowski, S., Künsemöller, J., Bak Nielsen, A. - S., Grießmeier, J. - M., et al. (2020). Dispersion measure variability for 36 millisecond pulsars at 150 MHz with LOFAR. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 644, A153. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039517
Donner, Julian, Verbiest, Joris, Tiburzi, C., Osłowski, S., Künsemöller, Jörn, Bak Nielsen, A.-S., Grießmeier, Jean-Mathias, et al. 2020. “Dispersion measure variability for 36 millisecond pulsars at 150 MHz with LOFAR”. Astronomy & Astrophysics 644: A153.
Donner, J., Verbiest, J., Tiburzi, C., Osłowski, S., Künsemöller, J., Bak Nielsen, A. - S., Grießmeier, J. - M., Serylak, M., Kramer, M., Anderson, J. M., et al. (2020). Dispersion measure variability for 36 millisecond pulsars at 150 MHz with LOFAR. Astronomy & Astrophysics 644:A153.
Donner, J., et al., 2020. Dispersion measure variability for 36 millisecond pulsars at 150 MHz with LOFAR. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 644: A153.
J. Donner, et al., “Dispersion measure variability for 36 millisecond pulsars at 150 MHz with LOFAR”, Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 644, 2020, : A153.
Donner, J., Verbiest, J., Tiburzi, C., Osłowski, S., Künsemöller, J., Bak Nielsen, A.-S., Grießmeier, J.-M., Serylak, M., Kramer, M., Anderson, J.M., Wucknitz, O., Keane, E., Kondratiev, V., Sobey, C., McKee, J.W., Bilous, A.V., Breton, R.P., Brüggen, M., Ciardi, B., Hoeft, M., van Leeuwen, J., Vocks, C.: Dispersion measure variability for 36 millisecond pulsars at 150 MHz with LOFAR. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 644, : A153 (2020).
Donner, Julian, Verbiest, Joris, Tiburzi, C., Osłowski, S., Künsemöller, Jörn, Bak Nielsen, A.-S., Grießmeier, Jean-Mathias, Serylak, M., Kramer, M., Anderson, J. M., Wucknitz, O., Keane, E., Kondratiev, V., Sobey, C., McKee, J. W., Bilous, A. V., Breton, R. P., Brüggen, M., Ciardi, B., Hoeft, M., van Leeuwen, J., and Vocks, C. “Dispersion measure variability for 36 millisecond pulsars at 150 MHz with LOFAR”. Astronomy & Astrophysics 644 (2020): A153.
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2020-12-21T10:45:41Z
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