Interaction between Gender and Skill on Competitive State Anxiety Using the Time-to-Event Paradigm: What Roles Do Intensity, Direction, and Frequency Dimensions Play?

Hagan Jr. JE, Pollmann D, Schack T (2017)
Frontiers in Psychology 8: 692.

Zeitschriftenaufsatz | Veröffentlicht | Englisch
 
Download
OA 763.65 KB
Abstract / Bemerkung
Background and purpose: The functional understanding and examination of competitive anxiety responses as temporal events that unfold as time-to-competition moves closer has emerged as a topical research area within the domains of sport psychology. However, little is known from an inclusive and interaction oriented perspective. Using the multidimensional anxiety theory as a framework, the present study examined the temporal patterning of competitive anxiety, focusing on the dimensions of intensity, direction, and frequency of intrusions in athletes across gender and skill level. Methods: Elite and semi-elite table tennis athletes from the Ghanaian league (N = 90) completed a modified version of Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) with the inclusion of the directional and frequency of intrusion scales at three temporal phases (7 days, 2 days, and 1 h) prior to a competitive fixture. Results: Multivariate Analyses of Variance repeated measures with follow-up analyses revealed significant interactions for between-subjects factors on all anxiety dimensions (intensity, direction, and frequency). Notably, elite (international) female athletes were less cognitively anxious, showed more facilitative interpretation toward somatic anxiety symptoms and experienced less frequency of somatic anxiety symptoms than their male counterparts. However, both elite groups displayed appreciable level of self-confidence. For time-to-event effects, both cognitive and somatic anxiety intensity fluctuated whereas self-confidence showed a steady rise as competition neared. Somatic anxiety debilitative interpretation slightly improved 1 h before competition whereas cognitive anxiety frequencies also increased progressively during the entire preparatory phase. Conclusion: Findings suggest a more dynamic image of elite athletes’ pre-competitive anxiety responses than suggested by former studies, potentially influenced by cultural differences. The use of psychological skills interventions that require effective structure, content, and timing in a composite manner is suggested.
Erscheinungsjahr
2017
Zeitschriftentitel
Frontiers in Psychology
Band
8
Art.-Nr.
692
ISSN
1664-1078
Finanzierungs-Informationen
Open-Access-Publikationskosten wurden durch die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft und die Universität Bielefeld gefördert.
Page URI
https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/record/2911463

Zitieren

Hagan Jr. JE, Pollmann D, Schack T. Interaction between Gender and Skill on Competitive State Anxiety Using the Time-to-Event Paradigm: What Roles Do Intensity, Direction, and Frequency Dimensions Play? Frontiers in Psychology. 2017;8: 692.
Hagan Jr., J. E., Pollmann, D., & Schack, T. (2017). Interaction between Gender and Skill on Competitive State Anxiety Using the Time-to-Event Paradigm: What Roles Do Intensity, Direction, and Frequency Dimensions Play? Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 692. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00692
Hagan Jr., John Elvis, Pollmann, Dietmar, and Schack, Thomas. 2017. “Interaction between Gender and Skill on Competitive State Anxiety Using the Time-to-Event Paradigm: What Roles Do Intensity, Direction, and Frequency Dimensions Play?”. Frontiers in Psychology 8: 692.
Hagan Jr., J. E., Pollmann, D., and Schack, T. (2017). Interaction between Gender and Skill on Competitive State Anxiety Using the Time-to-Event Paradigm: What Roles Do Intensity, Direction, and Frequency Dimensions Play? Frontiers in Psychology 8:692.
Hagan Jr., J.E., Pollmann, D., & Schack, T., 2017. Interaction between Gender and Skill on Competitive State Anxiety Using the Time-to-Event Paradigm: What Roles Do Intensity, Direction, and Frequency Dimensions Play? Frontiers in Psychology, 8: 692.
J.E. Hagan Jr., D. Pollmann, and T. Schack, “Interaction between Gender and Skill on Competitive State Anxiety Using the Time-to-Event Paradigm: What Roles Do Intensity, Direction, and Frequency Dimensions Play?”, Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 8, 2017, : 692.
Hagan Jr., J.E., Pollmann, D., Schack, T.: Interaction between Gender and Skill on Competitive State Anxiety Using the Time-to-Event Paradigm: What Roles Do Intensity, Direction, and Frequency Dimensions Play? Frontiers in Psychology. 8, : 692 (2017).
Hagan Jr., John Elvis, Pollmann, Dietmar, and Schack, Thomas. “Interaction between Gender and Skill on Competitive State Anxiety Using the Time-to-Event Paradigm: What Roles Do Intensity, Direction, and Frequency Dimensions Play?”. Frontiers in Psychology 8 (2017): 692.
Alle Dateien verfügbar unter der/den folgenden Lizenz(en):
Copyright Statement:
Dieses Objekt ist durch das Urheberrecht und/oder verwandte Schutzrechte geschützt. [...]
Volltext(e)
Access Level
OA Open Access
Zuletzt Hochgeladen
2019-09-06T09:18:49Z
MD5 Prüfsumme
dd8f11a8a98493ddf7fcd02b647979c3


1 Zitation in Europe PMC

Daten bereitgestellt von Europe PubMed Central.

91 References

Daten bereitgestellt von Europe PubMed Central.

Visual search strategies and decision-making in sport.
Abernethy B.., 1991
Understanding identity, value, and meaning when working with elite athletes.
Balague G.., 1999
“Measuring competitive state anxiety,” in
Burton D.., 1998
The intensity and directional interpretation of anxiety: fluctuations throughout competition and relationship to performance.
Butt J., Weinberg R., Horn T.., 2003
Pre-competition anxiety and self-confidence in elite and non-elite wheelchair sport participants.
Campbell E., Jones G.., 1997
Psychological and physiological changes in competitive state anxiety during noncompetition and competitive success and failure.
Caruso C., Dzewaltowski D., Gill D., McElroy M.., 1990
Psychological profiles and emotional regulation characteristics of women engaged in risk-taking sports.
Cazenave N, Le Scanff C, Woodman T., Anxiety Stress Coping 20(4), 2007
PMID: 17999241
Temporal patterning of competitive emotions: a critical review.
Cerin E, Szabo A, Hunt N, Williams C., J Sports Sci 18(8), 2000
PMID: 10972411
Is the experience sampling method (ESM) appropriate for studying pre-competitive emotions?
Cerin E., Szabo A., Williams C.., 2001
Multidimensional state anxiety prior to different levels of sport competition: some problems with simulation tasks.
Davis K., Gill A.., 1995
The relationship between multidimensional competitive anxiety, cognitive threat appraisal, and coping strategies: a multi-sport study.
Dias C., Cruz J., Fonseca A.., 2012
“Happiness is the frequency, not the intensity, of positive vs negative affect,” in
Diener E., Sandvik E., Pavot W.., 1991
Evolucion temporal de los niveles de ansiedad precompetitiva en pruebas de esqui alpino [Temporal changes of precompetitive anxiety levels in alpine skiing].
Diez R., Rosa M.., 1996
Competitive state and competitive trait anxiety differences in non-elite runners.
Donzelli G., Dugoni B., Johnson J.., 1990
Different ways of feeling: emotion and somatic awareness in Ghanaians and Euro-Americans.
Dzokoto V.., 2010
The interactive effects of intensity and direction of cognitive and somatic anxiety and self-confidence upon performance.
Edwards T., Hardy L.., 1996

Field A.., 2000

Fischer A.., 2000
Cognitive behavioural strategies and anxiety in elite orienteers.
Gal-Or Y, Tenenbaum G, Shimrony S., J Sports Sci 4(1), 1986
PMID: 3735483
Gender differences in competitive orientation and sport participation.
Gill D.., 1988
Sex differences in achievement cognitions and performance in competition.
Gill D., Gross J., Huddleston S., Shifflett B.., 1984
Factors affecting Olympic performance: perceptions of athletes and coaches from more and less successful teams.
Gould D., Guinan D., Greenleaf C., Medbery R., Peterson K.., 1999
Antecedents of, temporal changes in, and relationships between CSAI-2 components.
Gould D., Petlichkoff L., Weinberg R.., 1984
Pre-competitive anxiety in sport: the contribution of achievement goals and perfectionism.
Hall H., Kerr A., Matthews J.., 1998

Hanin Y.., 2000
“Individual zones of optimal functioning (IZOF) model: emotion-performance relationships in sport,” in
Hanin Y.., 2000
“Emotions in sport: current issues and perspectives,” in
Hanin Y.., 2007
Perceived control of anxiety and its relationship to self-confidence and performance.
Hanton S, Connaughton D., Res Q Exerc Sport 73(1), 2002
PMID: 11926488
Experience in sport and its relationship with competitive anxiety.
Hanton S., Cropley B., Neil R., Mellalieu S., Miles A.., 2007
Hardiness and the competitive trait anxiety response.
Hanton S., Evans L., Neil R.., 2003
Self-confidence and anxiety interpretation: a qualitative investigation.
Hanton S., Mellalieu S., Hall R.., 2004
A qualitative investigation of the temporal patterning of the precompetitive anxiety response.
Hanton S, Mellalieu SD, Young SG., J Sports Sci 20(11), 2002
PMID: 12430992
Competitive experience and performance status: an investigation into multidimensional anxiety and coping.
Hanton S., Neil R., Mellalieu S., Fletcher D.., 2008
Competitive anxiety responses in the week leading up to competition: the role of intensity, direction and frequency dimensions.
Hanton S., Thomas O., Maynard I.., 2004
Debilitative interpretations of competitive anxiety: a qualitative examination of elite performers.
Hanton S., Wadey R., Connaughton D.., 2005

Hardy L., Jones G., Gould D.., 1996
Mood state relationships and soccer team performance.
Hassmen P., Blomstrand E.., 1995

Heather B.., 2010
Interpretation of anxiety symptoms and goal attainment expectations.
Jones G., Hanton S.., 1996
Pre-competitive feeling states and directional anxiety interpretations.
Jones G, Hanton S., J Sports Sci 19(6), 2001
PMID: 11411775
Intensity and interpretation of anxiety symptoms in elite and non-elite sports performers.
Jones G., Hanton S., Swain A.., 1994
Predispositions to experience debilitative and facilitative anxiety in elite and non-elite performers.
Jones G., Swain A.., 1995
Gender differences in precompetition temporal patterning and antecedents and self-confidence.
Jones J., Swain A., Cale A.., 1991
Controlling emotions in sport.
Jones M.., 2003
Affect intensity and frequency: their relation to mean level and variability of positive and negative affect and Eysenck’s personality traits.
Kardum I.., 1999
“Somatization and psychologization: understanding cultural idioms of distress,” in
Kirmayer L., Dao T., Smith A.., 1998

Kleinman A., Good B.., 1985
Anxiety and stress: reflection of the past and visions of the future.
Krane V.., 1995
Performance and somatic anxiety, cognitive anxiety and confidence changes prior to competition.
Krane V., Williams J.., 1987
Cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, and confidence in track and field athletes: the impact of gender, competitive level and task characteristics.
Krane V., Williams J.., 1994
The concept of coping modes: relating cognitive person variables to actual coping behaviour.
Krohne H.., 1989
Trait anxiety, state anxiety, and coping behaviour as predictors of athletic performance.
Krohne H., Hindel C.., 1988
Confirmatory factor analysis of the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2.
Lane AM, Sewell DF, Terry PC, Bartram D, Nesti MS., J Sports Sci 17(6), 1999
PMID: 10404499

Lazarus R.., 1999
How emotions influence performance in competitive sports.
Lazarus R.., 2000
Gender differences in self-confidence in physical activity: a meta-analysis of recent studies.
Lirgg C.., 1991
Culture and the self: implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation.
Markus H., Kitayama S.., 1991
“Development and validation of the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2),” in
Martens R., Burton D., Vealey R., Bump L., Smith D.., 1990
“A competitive anxiety review: recent directions in sport psychology research,” in
Mellalieu S., Hanton S., Fletcher D.., 2006
Emotional labelling and competitive anxiety in preparation and competition.
Mellalieu S., Hanton S., Jones G.., 2003
Intensity and direction of competitive anxiety as a function of sport type and experience.
Mellalieu SD, Hanton S, O'Brien M., Scand J Med Sci Sports 14(5), 2004
PMID: 15387807
Anxiety characteristics of competitive windsurfers: relationships with age, gender, and performance outcomes.
Modroño C., Guillen F.., 2011
“Multidimensional anxiety and performance,” in
Parfitt C., Jones J., Hardy L.., 1990

Patton M.., 2002
Sydney 2000: the interplay between emotions, coping, and the performance of Olympic-level athletes.
Pensgaard A., Duda J.., 2003
Relationship of intensity and direction of competitive trait anxiety to skill level and gender in tennis.
Perry J., Williams J.., 1998
“Children’s ethnic socialization: themes and implications,” in
Phinney J., Rotheram M.., 1987

Pittenger D.., 2003
Sex, sport, situation, and competitive state anxiety.
Russell WD, Robb M, Cox RH., Percept Mot Skills 86(3 Pt 1), 1998
PMID: 9656274
Performance-induced emotions experienced during high-stakes table tennis matches.
Sève C., Ria L., Poizat G., Saury J., Durand M.., 2007
Adaptive approaches to competition: challenge appraisals and positive emotion.
Skinner N., Brewer N.., 2004
“Gender differences in competitive state anxiety prior to and during competition,” in
Slaughter S., Selder D., Patterson P.., 1994
Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) in behavioral medicine.
Stone A., Shiffman S.., 1994
Explaining performance variance: the relative contribution of intensity and direction dimensions of competitive state anxiety.
Swain A., Jones G.., 1996
Intensity and frequency dimensions of competitive state anxiety.
Swain A, Jones G., J Sports Sci 11(6), 1993
PMID: 8114179

Tabachnick B., Fidell L.., 1996
Anxiety responses and psychological skill use during the time preceding competition: theory to practice I.
Thomas O., Hanton S., Maynard I.., 2007
Temporal aspects of competitive anxiety and self-confidence as a function of anxiety perceptions.
Thomas O., Maynard I., Hanton S.., 2004
“The study of emotion in sport and exercise: historical, definitional, and conceptual perspectives,” in
Vallerand R., Blanchard C.., 2000
Anxiety intensity and direction: preperformance temporal patterns and expectations in athletes.
Wiggins M.., 1998
“Le stress organisationnel: une étude de cas (Organizational stress: a case study),” in
Woodman T., Hardy L.., 1998
“Stress and anxiety,” in
Woodman T., Hardy L.., 2001
Export

Markieren/ Markierung löschen
Markierte Publikationen

Open Data PUB

Web of Science

Dieser Datensatz im Web of Science®
Quellen

PMID: 28555116
PubMed | Europe PMC

Suchen in

Google Scholar