A large light-mass component of cosmic rays at 10(17)-10(17.5) electronvolts from radio observations

Buitink S, Corstanje A, Falcke H, Hoerandel JR, Huege T, Nelles A, Rachen JP, Rossetto L, Schellart P, Scholten O, ter Veen S, et al. (2016)
NATURE 531(7592): 70-+.

Zeitschriftenaufsatz | Veröffentlicht | Englisch
 
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Autor*in
Buitink, S.; Corstanje, A.; Falcke, H.; Hoerandel, J. R.; Huege, T.; Nelles, A.; Rachen, J. P.; Rossetto, L.; Schellart, P.; Scholten, O.; ter Veen, S.; Thoudam, S.
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Abstract / Bemerkung
Cosmic rays are the highest-energy particles found in nature. Measurements of the mass composition of cosmic rays with energies of 10(17)-10(18) electronvolts are essential to understanding whether they have galactic or extragalactic sources. It has also been proposed that the astrophysical neutrino signal1 comes from accelerators capable of producing cosmic rays of these energies(2). Cosmic rays initiate air showers-cascades of secondary particles in the atmosphere-and their masses can be inferred from measurements of the atmospheric depth of the shower maximum3 (Xmax; the depth of the air shower when it contains the most particles) or of the composition of shower particles reaching the ground(4). Current measurements(5) have either high uncertainty, or a low duty cycle and a high energy threshold. Radio detection of cosmic rays(6-8) is a rapidly developing technique(9) for determining Xmax (refs 10, 11) with a duty cycle of, in principle, nearly 100 per cent. The radiation is generated by the separation of relativistic electrons and positrons in the geomagnetic field and a negative charge excess in the shower front(6,12). Here we report radio measurements of X-max with a mean uncertainty of 16 grams per square centimetre for air showers initiated by cosmic rays with energies of 1017-1017.5 electronvolts. This high resolution in Xmax enables us to determine the mass spectrum of the cosmic rays: we find a mixed composition, with a light-mass fraction (protons and helium nuclei) of about 80 per cent. Unless, contrary to current expectations, the extragalactic component of cosmic rays contributes substantially to the total flux below 10(17.5) electronvolts, our measurements indicate the existence of an additional galactic component, to account for the light composition that we measured in the 10(17)-10(17.5) electronvolt range.
Erscheinungsjahr
2016
Zeitschriftentitel
NATURE
Band
531
Ausgabe
7592
Seite(n)
70-+
ISSN
0028-0836
eISSN
1476-4687
Page URI
https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/record/2902114

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Buitink S, Corstanje A, Falcke H, et al. A large light-mass component of cosmic rays at 10(17)-10(17.5) electronvolts from radio observations. NATURE. 2016;531(7592):70-+.
Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Hoerandel, J. R., Huege, T., Nelles, A., Rachen, J. P., et al. (2016). A large light-mass component of cosmic rays at 10(17)-10(17.5) electronvolts from radio observations. NATURE, 531(7592), 70-+. doi:10.1038/nature16976
Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Hoerandel, J. R., Huege, T., Nelles, A., Rachen, J. P., et al. 2016. “A large light-mass component of cosmic rays at 10(17)-10(17.5) electronvolts from radio observations”. NATURE 531 (7592): 70-+.
Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Hoerandel, J. R., Huege, T., Nelles, A., Rachen, J. P., Rossetto, L., Schellart, P., Scholten, O., et al. (2016). A large light-mass component of cosmic rays at 10(17)-10(17.5) electronvolts from radio observations. NATURE 531, 70-+.
Buitink, S., et al., 2016. A large light-mass component of cosmic rays at 10(17)-10(17.5) electronvolts from radio observations. NATURE, 531(7592), p 70-+.
S. Buitink, et al., “A large light-mass component of cosmic rays at 10(17)-10(17.5) electronvolts from radio observations”, NATURE, vol. 531, 2016, pp. 70-+.
Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Hoerandel, J.R., Huege, T., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Schellart, P., Scholten, O., ter Veen, S., Thoudam, S., Trinh, T.N.G., Anderson, J., Asgekar, A., Avruch, I.M., Bell, M.E., Bentum, M.J., Bernardi, G., Best, P., Bonafede, A., Breitling, F., Broderick, J.W., Brouw, W.N., Brueggen, M., Buteher, H.R., Carbone, D., Ciardi, B., Conway, J.E., de Gasperin, E., de Geus, E., Deller, A., Dettmar, R.-J., van Diepen, G., Duscha, S., Eisloeffel, J., Engels, D., Enriquez, J.E., Fallows, R.A., Fender, R., Ferrari, C., Frieswijk, W., Garrett, M.A., Griessmeier, J.M., Gunst, A.W., van Haarlem, M.P., Hassall, T.E., Heald, G., Hessels, J.W.T., Hoeft, M., Horneffer, A., Iaeobelli, M., Intema, H., Juette, E., Karastergiou, A., Kondratiev, V.I., Kramer, M., Kuniyoshi, N., Kuper, G., van Lecuwen, J., Loose, G.M., Maat, P., Nann, G., Markoff, S., McFadden, R., McKay-Bukowski, D., McKean, J.P., Mevius, M., Mulcahy, D.D., Munk, H., Norden, M.J., Orru, E., Paas, H., Pandey-Pommier, M., Pandey, V.N., Pietka, M., Pizzo, R., Polatidis, A.G., Reich, W., Roetgering, H.J.A., Scaife, A.M.M., Schwarz, D., Serylak, M., Sluman, J., Smirnov, O., Stappers, B.W., Steinmetz, M., Stewart, A., Swinbank, J., Tagger, M., Tang, Y., Tasse, C., Toribio, M.C., Vermeulen, R., Vocks, C., Vogt, C., van Weeren, R.J., Wijers, R.A.M.J., Wijnholds, S.J., Wise, M.W., Wucknitz, O., Yatawatta, S., Zarka, P., Zensuss, J.A.: A large light-mass component of cosmic rays at 10(17)-10(17.5) electronvolts from radio observations. NATURE. 531, 70-+ (2016).
Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Hoerandel, J. R., Huege, T., Nelles, A., Rachen, J. P., Rossetto, L., Schellart, P., Scholten, O., ter Veen, S., Thoudam, S., Trinh, T. N. G., Anderson, J., Asgekar, A., Avruch, I. M., Bell, M. E., Bentum, M. J., Bernardi, G., Best, P., Bonafede, A., Breitling, F., Broderick, J. W., Brouw, W. N., Brueggen, M., Buteher, H. R., Carbone, D., Ciardi, B., Conway, J. E., de Gasperin, E., de Geus, E., Deller, A., Dettmar, R. -J., van Diepen, G., Duscha, S., Eisloeffel, J., Engels, D., Enriquez, J. E., Fallows, R. A., Fender, R., Ferrari, C., Frieswijk, W., Garrett, M. A., Griessmeier, J. M., Gunst, A. W., van Haarlem, M. P., Hassall, T. E., Heald, G., Hessels, J. W. T., Hoeft, M., Horneffer, A., Iaeobelli, M., Intema, H., Juette, E., Karastergiou, A., Kondratiev, V. I., Kramer, M., Kuniyoshi, N., Kuper, G., van Lecuwen, J., Loose, G. M., Maat, P., Nann, G., Markoff, S., McFadden, R., McKay-Bukowski, D., McKean, J. P., Mevius, M., Mulcahy, D. D., Munk, H., Norden, M. J., Orru, E., Paas, H., Pandey-Pommier, M., Pandey, V. N., Pietka, M., Pizzo, R., Polatidis, A. G., Reich, W., Roetgering, H. J. A., Scaife, A. M. M., Schwarz, Dominik, Serylak, M., Sluman, J., Smirnov, O., Stappers, B. W., Steinmetz, M., Stewart, A., Swinbank, J., Tagger, M., Tang, Y., Tasse, C., Toribio, M. C., Vermeulen, R., Vocks, C., Vogt, C., van Weeren, R. J., Wijers, R. A. M. J., Wijnholds, S. J., Wise, M. W., Wucknitz, O., Yatawatta, S., Zarka, P., and Zensuss, J. A. “A large light-mass component of cosmic rays at 10(17)-10(17.5) electronvolts from radio observations”. NATURE 531.7592 (2016): 70-+.

3 Zitationen in Europe PMC

Daten bereitgestellt von Europe PubMed Central.

Astronomy: Radio burst caught red-handed.
Falcke H., Nature 541(7635), 2017
PMID: 28054609
Space science: Cosmic rays beyond the knees.
Taylor AM., Nature 531(7592), 2016
PMID: 26935694
Corrigendum: A large light-mass component of cosmic rays at 1017-1017.5 electronvolts from radio observations.
Buitink S, Corstanje A, Falcke H, Hörandel JR, Huege T, Nelles A, Rachen JP, Rossetto L, Schellart P, Scholten O, Ter Veen S, Thoudam S, Trinh TN, Anderson J, Asgekar A, Avruch IM, Bell ME, Bentum MJ, Bernardi G, Best P, Bonafede A, Breitling F, Broderick JW, Brouw WN, Brüggen M, Butcher HR, Carbone D, Ciardi B, Conway JE, de Gasperin F, de Geus E, Deller A, Dettmar RJ, van Diepen G, Duscha S, Eislöffel J, Engels D, Enriquez JE, Fallows RA, Fender R, Ferrari C, Frieswijk W, Garrett MA, Grießmeier JM, Gunst AW, van Haarlem MP, Hassall TE, Heald G, Hessels JW, Hoeft M, Horneffer A, Iacobelli M, Intema H, Juette E, Karastergiou A, Kondratiev VI, Kramer M, Kuniyoshi M, Kuper G, van Leeuwen J, Loose GM, Maat P, Mann G, Markoff S, McFadden R, McKay-Bukowski D, McKean JP, Mevius M, Mulcahy DD, Munk H, Norden MJ, Orru E, Paas H, Pandey-Pommier M, Pandey VN, Pietka M, Pizzo R, Polatidis AG, Reich W, Röttgering HJ, Scaife AM, Schwarz DJ, Serylak M, Sluman J, Smirnov O, Stappers BW, Steinmetz M, Stewart A, Swinbank J, Tagger M, Tang Y, Tasse C, Toribio MC, Vermeulen R, Vocks C, Vogt C, van Weeren RJ, Wijers RA, Wijnholds SJ, Wise MW, Wucknitz O, Yatawatta S, Zarka P, Zensus JA., Nature 537(7621), 2016
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