Social disparities in disease management programmes for coronary heart disease in Germany: a cross-classified multilevel analysis
Bozorgmehr K, Maier W, Brenner H, Saum K-U, Stock C, Miksch A, Holleczek B, Szecsenyi J, Razum O (2015)
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 69(11): 1091-1101.
Zeitschriftenaufsatz
| Veröffentlicht | Englisch
Download
Es wurden keine Dateien hochgeladen. Nur Publikationsnachweis!
Autor*in
Bozorgmehr, KayvanUniBi ;
Maier, Werner;
Brenner, Hermann;
Saum, Kai-Uwe;
Stock, Christian;
Miksch, Antje;
Holleczek, Bernd;
Szecsenyi, Joachim;
Razum, OliverUniBi
Einrichtung
Abstract / Bemerkung
Background Disease Management Programmes (DMPs) aim to improve effectiveness and equity of care but may suffer from selective enrolment. We analysed social disparities in DMP enrolment among elderly patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) in Germany, taking into account contextual effects at municipality and primary care practice levels. Methods Cross-sectional analysis of effects of educational attainment and regional deprivation on physician-reported DMP enrolment in a subsample of a large population-based cohort study in Germany, adjusting for individual-level, practice-level and area-level variables. We calculated OR and their 95% CIs (95% CI) in cross-classified, multilevel logistic regression models. Results Among N=1280 individuals with CHD (37.3% women), DMP enrolment rates were 22.2% (women) and 35% (men). The odds of DMP enrolment were significantly higher for male patients (OR=1.98 (1.50 to 2.62)), even after adjustment for potential confounding by individual-level, practice-level and area-level variables (range: OR=1.60 (1.08 to 2.36) to 2.16 (1.57 to 2.98)). Educational attainment was not significantly associated with DMP enrolment. Compared to patients living in least-deprived municipalities, the adjusted propensity of DMP enrolment was statistically significantly lower for patients living in medium-deprived municipalities (OR=0.41 (0.24 to 0.71)), and it also tended to be lower for patients living in the most-deprived municipalities (OR=0.70 (0.40 to 1.21)). Models controlling for the social situation (instead of health-related behaviour) yielded comparable effect estimates (medium-deprived/most-deprived vs least-deprived areas: OR=0.45 (0.26 to 0.78)/OR=0.68 (0.33 to 1.19)). Controlling for differences in comorbidity attenuated the deprivation effect estimates. Conclusions We found evidence for marked gender, but not educational disparities in DMP enrolment among patients with CHD. Small-area deprivation was associated with DMP enrolment, but the effects were partly explained by differences in comorbidity. Future studies on DMPs should consider contextual effects when analysing programme effectiveness or impacts on equity and efficiency.
Erscheinungsjahr
2015
Zeitschriftentitel
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health
Band
69
Ausgabe
11
Seite(n)
1091-1101
ISSN
0143-005X
eISSN
1470-2738
Page URI
https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/record/2901219
Zitieren
Bozorgmehr K, Maier W, Brenner H, et al. Social disparities in disease management programmes for coronary heart disease in Germany: a cross-classified multilevel analysis. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. 2015;69(11):1091-1101.
Bozorgmehr, K., Maier, W., Brenner, H., Saum, K. - U., Stock, C., Miksch, A., Holleczek, B., et al. (2015). Social disparities in disease management programmes for coronary heart disease in Germany: a cross-classified multilevel analysis. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 69(11), 1091-1101. doi:10.1136/jech-2014-204506
Bozorgmehr, Kayvan, Maier, Werner, Brenner, Hermann, Saum, Kai-Uwe, Stock, Christian, Miksch, Antje, Holleczek, Bernd, Szecsenyi, Joachim, and Razum, Oliver. 2015. “Social disparities in disease management programmes for coronary heart disease in Germany: a cross-classified multilevel analysis”. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 69 (11): 1091-1101.
Bozorgmehr, K., Maier, W., Brenner, H., Saum, K. - U., Stock, C., Miksch, A., Holleczek, B., Szecsenyi, J., and Razum, O. (2015). Social disparities in disease management programmes for coronary heart disease in Germany: a cross-classified multilevel analysis. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 69, 1091-1101.
Bozorgmehr, K., et al., 2015. Social disparities in disease management programmes for coronary heart disease in Germany: a cross-classified multilevel analysis. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 69(11), p 1091-1101.
K. Bozorgmehr, et al., “Social disparities in disease management programmes for coronary heart disease in Germany: a cross-classified multilevel analysis”, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, vol. 69, 2015, pp. 1091-1101.
Bozorgmehr, K., Maier, W., Brenner, H., Saum, K.-U., Stock, C., Miksch, A., Holleczek, B., Szecsenyi, J., Razum, O.: Social disparities in disease management programmes for coronary heart disease in Germany: a cross-classified multilevel analysis. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. 69, 1091-1101 (2015).
Bozorgmehr, Kayvan, Maier, Werner, Brenner, Hermann, Saum, Kai-Uwe, Stock, Christian, Miksch, Antje, Holleczek, Bernd, Szecsenyi, Joachim, and Razum, Oliver. “Social disparities in disease management programmes for coronary heart disease in Germany: a cross-classified multilevel analysis”. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 69.11 (2015): 1091-1101.
Daten bereitgestellt von European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI)
5 Zitationen in Europe PMC
Daten bereitgestellt von Europe PubMed Central.
Trends in diagnosis-specific work disability before and after ischaemic heart disease: a nationwide population-based cohort study in Sweden.
Ervasti J, Virtanen M, Lallukka T, Friberg E, Mittendorfer-Rutz E, Lundström E, Alexanderson K., BMJ Open 8(4), 2018
PMID: 29674367
Ervasti J, Virtanen M, Lallukka T, Friberg E, Mittendorfer-Rutz E, Lundström E, Alexanderson K., BMJ Open 8(4), 2018
PMID: 29674367
Selective enrollment in Disease Management Programs for coronary heart disease in Germany - An analysis based on cross-sectional survey and administrative claims data.
Röttger J, Blümel M, Busse R., BMC Health Serv Res 17(1), 2017
PMID: 28372554
Röttger J, Blümel M, Busse R., BMC Health Serv Res 17(1), 2017
PMID: 28372554
Health system responsiveness and chronic disease care - What is the role of disease management programs? An analysis based on cross-sectional survey and administrative claims data.
Röttger J, Blümel M, Linder R, Busse R., Soc Sci Med 185(), 2017
PMID: 28554159
Röttger J, Blümel M, Linder R, Busse R., Soc Sci Med 185(), 2017
PMID: 28554159
Permanent work disability before and after ischaemic heart disease or stroke event: a nationwide population-based cohort study in Sweden.
Ervasti J, Virtanen M, Lallukka T, Friberg E, Mittendorfer-Rutz E, Lundström E, Alexanderson K., BMJ Open 7(9), 2017
PMID: 28965101
Ervasti J, Virtanen M, Lallukka T, Friberg E, Mittendorfer-Rutz E, Lundström E, Alexanderson K., BMJ Open 7(9), 2017
PMID: 28965101
[Indices of Multiple Deprivation for the analysis of regional health disparities in Germany : Experiences from epidemiology and healthcare research].
Maier W., Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 60(12), 2017
PMID: 29119206
Maier W., Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 60(12), 2017
PMID: 29119206
39 References
Daten bereitgestellt von Europe PubMed Central.
Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010.
Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, Lim S, Shibuya K, Aboyans V, Abraham J, Adair T, Aggarwal R, Ahn SY, Alvarado M, Anderson HR, Anderson LM, Andrews KG, Atkinson C, Baddour LM, Barker-Collo S, Bartels DH, Bell ML, Benjamin EJ, Bennett D, Bhalla K, Bikbov B, Bin Abdulhak A, Birbeck G, Blyth F, Bolliger I, Boufous S, Bucello C, Burch M, Burney P, Carapetis J, Chen H, Chou D, Chugh SS, Coffeng LE, Colan SD, Colquhoun S, Colson KE, Condon J, Connor MD, Cooper LT, Corriere M, Cortinovis M, de Vaccaro KC, Couser W, Cowie BC, Criqui MH, Cross M, Dabhadkar KC, Dahodwala N, De Leo D, Degenhardt L, Delossantos A, Denenberg J, Des Jarlais DC, Dharmaratne SD, Dorsey ER, Driscoll T, Duber H, Ebel B, Erwin PJ, Espindola P, Ezzati M, Feigin V, Flaxman AD, Forouzanfar MH, Fowkes FG, Franklin R, Fransen M, Freeman MK, Gabriel SE, Gakidou E, Gaspari F, Gillum RF, Gonzalez-Medina D, Halasa YA, Haring D, Harrison JE, Havmoeller R, Hay RJ, Hoen B, Hotez PJ, Hoy D, Jacobsen KH, James SL, Jasrasaria R, Jayaraman S, Johns N, Karthikeyan G, Kassebaum N, Keren A, Khoo JP, Knowlton LM, Kobusingye O, Koranteng A, Krishnamurthi R, Lipnick M, Lipshultz SE, Ohno SL, Mabweijano J, MacIntyre MF, Mallinger L, March L, Marks GB, Marks R, Matsumori A, Matzopoulos R, Mayosi BM, McAnulty JH, McDermott MM, McGrath J, Mensah GA, Merriman TR, Michaud C, Miller M, Miller TR, Mock C, Mocumbi AO, Mokdad AA, Moran A, Mulholland K, Nair MN, Naldi L, Narayan KM, Nasseri K, Norman P, O'Donnell M, Omer SB, Ortblad K, Osborne R, Ozgediz D, Pahari B, Pandian JD, Rivero AP, Padilla RP, Perez-Ruiz F, Perico N, Phillips D, Pierce K, Pope CA 3rd, Porrini E, Pourmalek F, Raju M, Ranganathan D, Rehm JT, Rein DB, Remuzzi G, Rivara FP, Roberts T, De Leon FR, Rosenfeld LC, Rushton L, Sacco RL, Salomon JA, Sampson U, Sanman E, Schwebel DC, Segui-Gomez M, Shepard DS, Singh D, Singleton J, Sliwa K, Smith E, Steer A, Taylor JA, Thomas B, Tleyjeh IM, Towbin JA, Truelsen T, Undurraga EA, Venketasubramanian N, Vijayakumar L, Vos T, Wagner GR, Wang M, Wang W, Watt K, Weinstock MA, Weintraub R, Wilkinson JD, Woolf AD, Wulf S, Yeh PH, Yip P, Zabetian A, Zheng ZJ, Lopez AD, Murray CJ, AlMazroa MA, Memish ZA., Lancet 380(9859), 2012
PMID: 23245604
Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, Lim S, Shibuya K, Aboyans V, Abraham J, Adair T, Aggarwal R, Ahn SY, Alvarado M, Anderson HR, Anderson LM, Andrews KG, Atkinson C, Baddour LM, Barker-Collo S, Bartels DH, Bell ML, Benjamin EJ, Bennett D, Bhalla K, Bikbov B, Bin Abdulhak A, Birbeck G, Blyth F, Bolliger I, Boufous S, Bucello C, Burch M, Burney P, Carapetis J, Chen H, Chou D, Chugh SS, Coffeng LE, Colan SD, Colquhoun S, Colson KE, Condon J, Connor MD, Cooper LT, Corriere M, Cortinovis M, de Vaccaro KC, Couser W, Cowie BC, Criqui MH, Cross M, Dabhadkar KC, Dahodwala N, De Leo D, Degenhardt L, Delossantos A, Denenberg J, Des Jarlais DC, Dharmaratne SD, Dorsey ER, Driscoll T, Duber H, Ebel B, Erwin PJ, Espindola P, Ezzati M, Feigin V, Flaxman AD, Forouzanfar MH, Fowkes FG, Franklin R, Fransen M, Freeman MK, Gabriel SE, Gakidou E, Gaspari F, Gillum RF, Gonzalez-Medina D, Halasa YA, Haring D, Harrison JE, Havmoeller R, Hay RJ, Hoen B, Hotez PJ, Hoy D, Jacobsen KH, James SL, Jasrasaria R, Jayaraman S, Johns N, Karthikeyan G, Kassebaum N, Keren A, Khoo JP, Knowlton LM, Kobusingye O, Koranteng A, Krishnamurthi R, Lipnick M, Lipshultz SE, Ohno SL, Mabweijano J, MacIntyre MF, Mallinger L, March L, Marks GB, Marks R, Matsumori A, Matzopoulos R, Mayosi BM, McAnulty JH, McDermott MM, McGrath J, Mensah GA, Merriman TR, Michaud C, Miller M, Miller TR, Mock C, Mocumbi AO, Mokdad AA, Moran A, Mulholland K, Nair MN, Naldi L, Narayan KM, Nasseri K, Norman P, O'Donnell M, Omer SB, Ortblad K, Osborne R, Ozgediz D, Pahari B, Pandian JD, Rivero AP, Padilla RP, Perez-Ruiz F, Perico N, Phillips D, Pierce K, Pope CA 3rd, Porrini E, Pourmalek F, Raju M, Ranganathan D, Rehm JT, Rein DB, Remuzzi G, Rivara FP, Roberts T, De Leon FR, Rosenfeld LC, Rushton L, Sacco RL, Salomon JA, Sampson U, Sanman E, Schwebel DC, Segui-Gomez M, Shepard DS, Singh D, Singleton J, Sliwa K, Smith E, Steer A, Taylor JA, Thomas B, Tleyjeh IM, Towbin JA, Truelsen T, Undurraga EA, Venketasubramanian N, Vijayakumar L, Vos T, Wagner GR, Wang M, Wang W, Watt K, Weinstock MA, Weintraub R, Wilkinson JD, Woolf AD, Wulf S, Yeh PH, Yip P, Zabetian A, Zheng ZJ, Lopez AD, Murray CJ, AlMazroa MA, Memish ZA., Lancet 380(9859), 2012
PMID: 23245604
AUTHOR UNKNOWN, 2014
German diabetes disease management programs are appropriate for restructuring care according to the chronic care model: an evaluation with the patient assessment of chronic illness care instrument.
Szecsenyi J, Rosemann T, Joos S, Peters-Klimm F, Miksch A., Diabetes Care 31(6), 2008
PMID: 18299443
Szecsenyi J, Rosemann T, Joos S, Peters-Klimm F, Miksch A., Diabetes Care 31(6), 2008
PMID: 18299443
Disease management programs in Germany's statutory health insurance system.
Busse R., Health Aff (Millwood) 23(3), 2004
PMID: 15160803
Busse R., Health Aff (Millwood) 23(3), 2004
PMID: 15160803
[Zwanzigste Verordnung zur Änderung der Risikostruktur-Ausgleichsverordnung (20.RSA-ÄndV) Vom 23. Juni 2009]
AUTHOR UNKNOWN, 2009
AUTHOR UNKNOWN, 2009
AUTHOR UNKNOWN, 2014
[The methods within the evaluation of disease management programmes in control-group designs using the example of diabetes mellitus - a systematic literature review].
Drabik A, Sawicki PT, Muller D, Passon A, Stock S., Gesundheitswesen 74(8-9), 2012
PMID: 22454226
Drabik A, Sawicki PT, Muller D, Passon A, Stock S., Gesundheitswesen 74(8-9), 2012
PMID: 22454226
Selection effects may account for better outcomes of the German Disease Management Program for type 2 diabetes.
Schafer I, Kuver C, Gedrose B, von Leitner EC, Treszl A, Wegscheider K, van den Bussche H, Kaduszkiewicz H., BMC Health Serv Res 10(), 2010
PMID: 21194442
Schafer I, Kuver C, Gedrose B, von Leitner EC, Treszl A, Wegscheider K, van den Bussche H, Kaduszkiewicz H., BMC Health Serv Res 10(), 2010
PMID: 21194442
A framework for the study of access to medical care.
Aday LA, Andersen R., Health Serv Res 9(3), 1974
PMID: 4436074
Aday LA, Andersen R., Health Serv Res 9(3), 1974
PMID: 4436074
Geographic life environments and coronary heart disease: a literature review, theoretical contributions, methodological updates, and a research agenda.
Chaix B., Annu Rev Public Health 30(), 2009
PMID: 19705556
Chaix B., Annu Rev Public Health 30(), 2009
PMID: 19705556
Neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and access to health care.
Kirby JB, Kaneda T., J Health Soc Behav 46(1), 2005
PMID: 15869118
Kirby JB, Kaneda T., J Health Soc Behav 46(1), 2005
PMID: 15869118
Understanding the context of healthcare utilization: assessing environmental and provider-related variables in the behavioral model of utilization.
Phillips KA, Morrison KR, Andersen R, Aday LA., Health Serv Res 33(3 Pt 1), 1998
PMID: 9685123
Phillips KA, Morrison KR, Andersen R, Aday LA., Health Serv Res 33(3 Pt 1), 1998
PMID: 9685123
Changes of cardiovascular risk factors and their implications in subsequent birth cohorts of older adults in Germany: a life course approach.
Raum E, Rothenbacher D, Low M, Stegmaier C, Ziegler H, Brenner H., Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 14(6), 2007
PMID: 18043304
Raum E, Rothenbacher D, Low M, Stegmaier C, Ziegler H, Brenner H., Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 14(6), 2007
PMID: 18043304
Temporal predictors of health-related quality of life in elderly people with diabetes: results of a German cohort study.
Maatouk I, Wild B, Wesche D, Herzog W, Raum E, Muller H, Rothenbacher D, Stegmaier C, Schellberg D, Brenner H., PLoS ONE 7(1), 2012
PMID: 22292092
Maatouk I, Wild B, Wesche D, Herzog W, Raum E, Muller H, Rothenbacher D, Stegmaier C, Schellberg D, Brenner H., PLoS ONE 7(1), 2012
PMID: 22292092
Strong associations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations with all-cause, cardiovascular, cancer, and respiratory disease mortality in a large cohort study.
Schottker B, Haug U, Schomburg L, Kohrle J, Perna L, Muller H, Holleczek B, Brenner H., Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 97(4), 2013
PMID: 23446902
Schottker B, Haug U, Schomburg L, Kohrle J, Perna L, Muller H, Holleczek B, Brenner H., Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 97(4), 2013
PMID: 23446902
The impact of regional deprivation and individual socio-economic status on the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes in Germany. A pooled analysis of five population-based studies.
Maier W, Holle R, Hunger M, Peters A, Meisinger C, Greiser KH, Kluttig A, Volzke H, Schipf S, Moebus S, Bokhof B, Berger K, Mueller G, Rathmann W, Tamayo T, Mielck A; DIAB-CORE Consortium., Diabet. Med. 30(3), 2013
PMID: 23127142
Maier W, Holle R, Hunger M, Peters A, Meisinger C, Greiser KH, Kluttig A, Volzke H, Schipf S, Moebus S, Bokhof B, Berger K, Mueller G, Rathmann W, Tamayo T, Mielck A; DIAB-CORE Consortium., Diabet. Med. 30(3), 2013
PMID: 23127142
[Regional deprivation and mortality in Bavaria. Development of a community-based index of multiple deprivation].
Maier W, Fairburn J, Mielck A., Gesundheitswesen 74(7), 2011
PMID: 22020751
Maier W, Fairburn J, Mielck A., Gesundheitswesen 74(7), 2011
PMID: 22020751
Rating chronic medical illness burden in geropsychiatric practice and research: application of the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale.
Miller MD, Paradis CF, Houck PR, Mazumdar S, Stack JA, Rifai AH, Mulsant B, Reynolds CF 3rd., Psychiatry Res 41(3), 1992
PMID: 1594710
Miller MD, Paradis CF, Houck PR, Mazumdar S, Stack JA, Rifai AH, Mulsant B, Reynolds CF 3rd., Psychiatry Res 41(3), 1992
PMID: 1594710
Measuring racial/ethnic disparities in health care: methods and practical issues.
Cook BL, McGuire TG, Zaslavsky AM., Health Serv Res 47(3 Pt 2), 2012
PMID: 22353147
Cook BL, McGuire TG, Zaslavsky AM., Health Serv Res 47(3 Pt 2), 2012
PMID: 22353147
AUTHOR UNKNOWN, 2014
A brief conceptual tutorial of multilevel analysis in social epidemiology: using measures of clustering in multilevel logistic regression to investigate contextual phenomena.
Merlo J, Chaix B, Ohlsson H, Beckman A, Johnell K, Hjerpe P, Rastam L, Larsen K., J Epidemiol Community Health 60(4), 2006
PMID: 16537344
Merlo J, Chaix B, Ohlsson H, Beckman A, Johnell K, Hjerpe P, Rastam L, Larsen K., J Epidemiol Community Health 60(4), 2006
PMID: 16537344
A brief conceptual tutorial on multilevel analysis in social epidemiology: investigating contextual phenomena in different groups of people.
Merlo J, Yang M, Chaix B, Lynch J, Rastam L., J Epidemiol Community Health 59(9), 2005
PMID: 16100308
Merlo J, Yang M, Chaix B, Lynch J, Rastam L., J Epidemiol Community Health 59(9), 2005
PMID: 16100308
Improving care of post-infarct patients: effects of disease management programmes and care according to international guidelines.
Stark R, Kirchberger I, Hunger M, Heier M, Leidl R, von Scheidt W, Meisinger C, Holle R., Clin Res Cardiol 103(3), 2013
PMID: 24287605
Stark R, Kirchberger I, Hunger M, Heier M, Leidl R, von Scheidt W, Meisinger C, Holle R., Clin Res Cardiol 103(3), 2013
PMID: 24287605
Disease management programmes for patients with coronary heart disease--an empirical study of German programmes.
Gapp O, Schweikert B, Meisinger C, Holle R., Health Policy 88(2-3), 2008
PMID: 18442868
Gapp O, Schweikert B, Meisinger C, Holle R., Health Policy 88(2-3), 2008
PMID: 18442868
Hagen B, Altenhofen L, Groos S., 2013
AUTHOR UNKNOWN, 2011
The care of patients with ischaemic heart disease from a gender perspective.
Swahn E., Eur. Heart J. 19(12), 1998
PMID: 9886717
Swahn E., Eur. Heart J. 19(12), 1998
PMID: 9886717
Equity of access to health care services: theory and evidence from the UK.
Goddard M, Smith P., Soc Sci Med 53(9), 2001
PMID: 11556606
Goddard M, Smith P., Soc Sci Med 53(9), 2001
PMID: 11556606
Understanding the gap between need and utilization in outpatient care--the effect of supply-side determinants on regional inequities.
Ozegowski S, Sundmacher L., Health Policy 114(1), 2013
PMID: 24016773
Ozegowski S, Sundmacher L., Health Policy 114(1), 2013
PMID: 24016773
Inequalities in out-of-pocket payments for health care services among elderly Germans--results of a population-based cross-sectional study.
Bock JO, Matschinger H, Brenner H, Wild B, Haefeli WE, Quinzler R, Saum KU, Heider D, Konig HH., Int J Equity Health 13(), 2014
PMID: 24397544
Bock JO, Matschinger H, Brenner H, Wild B, Haefeli WE, Quinzler R, Saum KU, Heider D, Konig HH., Int J Equity Health 13(), 2014
PMID: 24397544
Equity of access to medical care: a conceptual and empirical overview.
Aday LA, Andersen RM., Med Care 19(12 Suppl), 1981
PMID: 7339313
Aday LA, Andersen RM., Med Care 19(12 Suppl), 1981
PMID: 7339313
Health care in and outside a DMP for type 2 diabetes mellitus in Germany-results of an insurance customer survey focussing on differences in general education status
Elkeles T, Kirschner W, Graf C., 2009
Elkeles T, Kirschner W, Graf C., 2009
Is there a survival benefit within a German primary care-based disease management program?
Miksch A, Laux G, Ose D, Joos S, Campbell S, Riens B, Szecsenyi J., Am J Manag Care 16(1), 2010
PMID: 20148605
Miksch A, Laux G, Ose D, Joos S, Campbell S, Riens B, Szecsenyi J., Am J Manag Care 16(1), 2010
PMID: 20148605
Characteristics, management and attainment of lipid target levels in diabetic and cardiac patients enrolled in Disease Management Program versus those in routine care: LUTZ registry.
Bestehorn K, Jannowitz C, Karmann B, Pittrow D, Kirch W., BMC Public Health 9(), 2009
PMID: 19653899
Bestehorn K, Jannowitz C, Karmann B, Pittrow D, Kirch W., BMC Public Health 9(), 2009
PMID: 19653899
Multilevel analyses of neighbourhood socioeconomic context and health outcomes: a critical review.
Pickett KE, Pearl M., J Epidemiol Community Health 55(2), 2001
PMID: 11154250
Pickett KE, Pearl M., J Epidemiol Community Health 55(2), 2001
PMID: 11154250
Power and sample size in multilevel linear models
Snijders T., 2005
Snijders T., 2005
Indicators of socioeconomic position (part 1).
Galobardes B, Shaw M, Lawlor DA, Lynch JW, Davey Smith G., J Epidemiol Community Health 60(1), 2006
PMID: 16361448
Galobardes B, Shaw M, Lawlor DA, Lynch JW, Davey Smith G., J Epidemiol Community Health 60(1), 2006
PMID: 16361448
Export
Markieren/ Markierung löschen
Markierte Publikationen
Web of Science
Dieser Datensatz im Web of Science®Quellen
PMID: 26082518
PubMed | Europe PMC
Suchen in