Activation of fluorinated arenes using NHC-stabilized nickel(0) complexes: Selectivity and mechanistic investigations

Schaub T, Fischer P, Steffen A, Braun T, Radius U, Mix A (2008)
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 130(29): 9304-9317.

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Autor*in
Schaub, Thomas; Fischer, Peter; Steffen, Andreas; Braun, Thomas; Radius, Udo; Mix, AndreasUniBi
Abstract / Bemerkung
The reaction of [Ni-2((i)Pr(2)Im)(4)(COD)] 1a or [Ni((i)Pr(2)Im)(2) (eta(2)-C2H4)] 1b with different fluorinated arenes is reported. These reactions occur with a high chemo- and regioselectivity. In the case of polyfluorinated aromatics of the type C6F5X such as hexafluorobenzene (X = F) octafluorotoluene (X = CF3) trimethyl(pentafluorophenyl)silane (X = SiMe3) or decafluorobiphenyl (X = C6F5) the C-F activation regioselectively takes place at the C-F bond in the para position to the X group to afford the complexes trans-[Ni((i)Pr(2)Im)(2)(F)(C6F5)] 2, trans-[Ni((i)Pr(2)Im)(2)(F)(4-(CF3)C6F4)] 3, trans-[Ni((i)Pr(2)Im)(2)(F)(4-(CF3)C6F5)] 4, and trans-[Ni((i)Pr(2)Im)(2)(F)(4-(CF3)C6F5)] 5. Complex 5 was structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction. The reaction of 1a with partially fluorinated aromatic substrates C6HxFy leads to the products of a C-F activation trans-[Ni((i)Pr(2)Im)(2)(F)(2-(C6F4)] 7, trans-[Ni((i)Pr(2)Im)(2)(F)(3,5-(C6F2H3)] 8, trans-[Ni((i)Pr(2)Im)(2)(F)(2,3-(C6F2H3)]9a and trans-[Ni((i)Pr(2)Im)(2)(F)(2,6-(C6F2H3)] 9b, trans-[Ni((i)Pr(2)Im)(2)(F)(2,5-(C6F2H3)] 10, and trans-[Ni((i)Pr(2)Im)(2)(F)(2,3,5,6-(C6F4H)] 11. The reaction of 1a with octafluoronaphthalene yields exclusively trans-[Ni((i)Pr(2)Im)(2)(F)(1,3,45,6,7,8-(C10F7)] 6a, the product of an insertion into the C-F bond in the 2-position, whereas for the reaction of 1b with octafluoronaphthalene the two isomers trans-[Ni((i)Pr(2)Im)(2)(F)(1,3,4,5,6,7,8-C10F7)] 6a and trans-[Ni((i)Pr(2)Im)(2)(F)(2,3,4,5,6,7,8-C10F7)] 6b are formed in a ratio of 11:1. The reaction of 1a or of 1b with pentafluoropyridine at low temperatures affords trans[Ni((i)Pr(2)Im)(2)(F)(4-C5NF4)] 12a as the sole product, whereas the reaction of 1b performed at room temperature leads to the generation of trans-[Ni((i)Pr(2)Im)(2)(F)(4-(C5NF4)] 12a and trans-[Ni((i)Pr(2)Im)(2)(F)(2-C5NF4)] 12b in a ratio of approximately 1:2. The detection of intermediates as well as kinetic studies gives some insight into the mechanistic details for the activation of an aromatic carbon-fluorine bond at the {Ni((i)Pr(2)Im)(2)} complex fragment. The intermediates of the reaction of 1b with hexafluorobenzene and octafluoronaphthalene, [Ni((i)Pr(2)Im)(2)(eta(2)-(C6F6)] 13 and [Ni((i)Pr(2)Im)(2)(eta(2)-C10F8)] 14, have been detected in solution. They convert into the C-F activation products. Complex 14 was structurally characterizd by X-ray diffraction. The rates for the loss of 14 at different temperatures for the C-F activation of the coordinated naphthalene are first order and the estimated activation enthalpy Delta H double dagger for this process was determined to be Delta H double dagger = 116 +/- 8 kJ mol(-1) (Delta S double dagger = 37 +/- 25 J K-1 mol(-1)). Furthermore, density functional theory calculations on the reaction of la with hexafluorobenzene, octafluoronaphthalene, octafluorotoluene, 1,2,4-trifluorobenzene, and 1,2,3-trifluorobenzene are presented.
Erscheinungsjahr
2008
Zeitschriftentitel
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
Band
130
Ausgabe
29
Seite(n)
9304-9317
ISSN
0002-7863
eISSN
1520-5126
Page URI
https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/record/1586934

Zitieren

Schaub T, Fischer P, Steffen A, Braun T, Radius U, Mix A. Activation of fluorinated arenes using NHC-stabilized nickel(0) complexes: Selectivity and mechanistic investigations. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY. 2008;130(29):9304-9317.
Schaub, T., Fischer, P., Steffen, A., Braun, T., Radius, U., & Mix, A. (2008). Activation of fluorinated arenes using NHC-stabilized nickel(0) complexes: Selectivity and mechanistic investigations. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 130(29), 9304-9317. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja074640e
Schaub, Thomas, Fischer, Peter, Steffen, Andreas, Braun, Thomas, Radius, Udo, and Mix, Andreas. 2008. “Activation of fluorinated arenes using NHC-stabilized nickel(0) complexes: Selectivity and mechanistic investigations”. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 130 (29): 9304-9317.
Schaub, T., Fischer, P., Steffen, A., Braun, T., Radius, U., and Mix, A. (2008). Activation of fluorinated arenes using NHC-stabilized nickel(0) complexes: Selectivity and mechanistic investigations. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 130, 9304-9317.
Schaub, T., et al., 2008. Activation of fluorinated arenes using NHC-stabilized nickel(0) complexes: Selectivity and mechanistic investigations. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 130(29), p 9304-9317.
T. Schaub, et al., “Activation of fluorinated arenes using NHC-stabilized nickel(0) complexes: Selectivity and mechanistic investigations”, JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, vol. 130, 2008, pp. 9304-9317.
Schaub, T., Fischer, P., Steffen, A., Braun, T., Radius, U., Mix, A.: Activation of fluorinated arenes using NHC-stabilized nickel(0) complexes: Selectivity and mechanistic investigations. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY. 130, 9304-9317 (2008).
Schaub, Thomas, Fischer, Peter, Steffen, Andreas, Braun, Thomas, Radius, Udo, and Mix, Andreas. “Activation of fluorinated arenes using NHC-stabilized nickel(0) complexes: Selectivity and mechanistic investigations”. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 130.29 (2008): 9304-9317.

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